顯示具有 物理 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章
顯示具有 物理 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章

2008年11月10日 星期一

How to make a rope that won't swing by strong wind?

With a rope by itself, it would be impossible to do so. To make something unaffected by a strong force in anything, there are two directions to go:
A. When the force is absorbed and transformed into thermal energy, i.e. the uniqueness of directionality of the external force is destroyed by the internal structure of the rope;
B. When we could use the force to turn against itself, i.e. when we can led the force to interact with the rope to achieve a self-contradiction, then logically and physically the force can achieve nothing.
Since A has been discussed throughly in any ordinary level material Physics textbook, so I am more interested in discussing B. To produce a self contradiction, a rope by itself is not suffice to do so. We need two columns that is fixated on the group; then we make a knot on one side column, and we fix the rope from left side of one column to right side of another column so it pass each location only once.
Now when wind hit the rope in any direction, it would attempt to extend the part of the rope that is nearer to the source of wind. So because of this construction, when it attempt to extend the rope on one side then the other side would react by contract (since the rope has limited extensibility.) However, because the two parts are parallel to each other(and perpendicular to the direction of wind), then the force goes into extending the part of the rope closer to the source of wind also attempted to extend the part of the rope that is further from the source of wind. Therefore, through this construction, the force of wind is led to acting against itself in the rope, thus however the strength of the wind, the rope will never swing.
Can we extend this idea into areas other than Physics?

2008年8月22日 星期五

An idea on motor

Euler’s Anti-Gravitational Technology I

agti

Euler’s Anti-Gravitational Technology II

agtconcept1i

Euler’s idea of mechanism of cooling of liquid(III)

etcfiii

Euler’s idea of mechanism of cooling of liquid(II)

ETCFii

Euler’s idea of mechanism of cooling of liquid(I)

ETCF

Someone's method of destruction of energy(II)

EdmII

Someone’s method of destruction of energy(III)

edmiii

Someone’s method of destruction of energy(IV)

edmiv

Someone’s method of destruction of energy(V)

edmv

2008年8月20日 星期三

Follow up on invention: PDG by Parallel Path

This article refer to this design, there is a slight mistake, so the correct design for N-2 should be like this:

Be careful with 6 things:

1. The arrangement of magnets, you can guess it is N-S-N-S; the top magnet and bottom magnet should be the same polarity(N-N,S-S…)

2. If the volume of the IRON core within electromagnetic coil is 1, then the one in the middle should be 4.(That is the most critical part, all effect depend on this part)

3. That would be some tricks to do with rotating the rotor. Since there is iron and magnet, the rotation would NOT be smooth, it would be jerky. That would shorten the motor’s life cycle.
Do NOT use a motor DIRECTLY on the rotor, otherwise you can NOT see the Overunity effect. You need something like those in the bicycle so Motor can accelerate the rotor , but the rotor can move freely on its own.
i.e. The Rotor can move FASTER than the motor.
(If you don’t understand, say so and I will try to fetch a picture from the Internet. It is a very common device seen on bicycle so it move forward without human pedaling)


4. The longer the distance between the middle iron bar and two magnets, the weaker the Overunity effect. So it should be as close as possible.

5. Try with resistance-type loading first, induction-type later. I done many experiments with these, it usually work better on the former.

6. For testing, you can try with load connect to coils or close the circuit. The expected result should be higher than load, and the Overunity effect get BETTER. (i.e. The loading is on while the rotor is running faster and faster) Therefore if you doesn’t see a good effect with the small loading, then try with close the circuit.

Sorry, I done wrong calculation in the original proposal, I forgot that the coils would react to two magnets, i.e. the upper coil would be drag by lower magnet, and vice versa.
Because of the distance, assume it is 20%. So total drag force in N-2=2.4

also that the middle iron would interact with 2 magnet, producing net propelling force.
So total positive drag force=-4*.6*2=4.8

The net force forward=4.8-2.4=2.4
Amplification ratio= 2
(Notice that the Amplification ratio is fixed regardless of the efficiency which K.E. of magnet is ‘converted ‘to electrical energy of electromagnetic coil. I disagree with the name convert.)

Assume 8 magnet per round, and initial RPM=1,
The RPM at the last magnet of first circle= 256(if not exceed the Physical limit of Rotor)

C.O.P= Maximum physical output/initial input

With these 6 taken care of of we are good to go!!!

We call this design M-2(since there are two pair of magnet, and M refer to the name of builder.) Since the building of M-2, I am already dreaming of M-2*2 which has amplification of 16, even combining the idea from this one(Haven't know how yet…).

We can even design a car base on this, all we need is just a energy banks on the way to deposit the excessive electrical energy produced.

2008年8月6日 星期三

Specific Heat Capacity varies as temperature vary?

I remember that when I was studying in Secondary School, Physics taught me the formula which is E=mcΔT. It implies that the amount of energy required to increase an object is directly proportional to its increase of temperature, which seems very reasonable to me. Since I suppose the implicit assumption in Physics is that there is not net different in terms of energy between the increase of temperature from x°C to x+1°C and increase of temperature from y°C to y+1°C when x is not equal to y. An inherent uniformity of nature across the temperature is thus assumed.
So you can imagine my shock when I later learn that in Advance Physics there is a concept know as specific heat capacity at a specific temperature, i.e. it implies there is a difference in terms of energy between the increase of temperature from x°C to x+1°C and increase of temperature from y°C to y+1°C when x is not equal to y. Thus, uniformity of nature across the temperature is just an assumption by naive Physicist. Since energy reflect the internal state of a material, thus the nature of an iron in 5°C compare to an iron in 10°C is different. How different and what is the difference? How to account for this difference?

2008年7月6日 星期日

What is Non-Linear Propulsion?

Non-Linear Propulsion refer to an object move by imbalance of angular momentum. For instance if a ship is full of gas engines in all direction, then to remain stationary, all gas engine projecting gas to tangential directions, which make a full circle. This is mean to be propelled by fluid dynamic.


A method for self-sustainable Non-Linear Propulsion I

(自我持續之非線性推進方法I)

(A Mechanism for a craft to propel itself in any direction through Non-Linear-Propulsion model while simultaneously generate adequate electrical energy for its own operation.)

Date:01/14/06

Updated: 01/26/06

Background/Development of Idea:

From the innovation of Propulsion and Electrical Energy Generation System we learn that it is possible to use the same pair of force to both propelling an object forward while rotate a rotating component to generate electricity, which the rotating component could also function as a pathway for the reaction force to exert its effect on the opposite side from where the action force exert its effect. However, why is it necessary the reaction force must act on the exact opposite of where the action force exert its effect? This rotating component provide an excellent platform to direct this reaction force to exert its effect in any angular position. And since we can exert action and reaction force in any degree, thus the propulsion could happen in any direction at any time.

Although with this structure we could have theoretically have build an engine propel the object in any direction almost instantaneous, but the trouble is it take a lot of energy to overcome the momentum of that object if it is traveling in linear fashion. So to overcome this problem, we could adjust the model of travel from the linear model to non-linear model. In this new model, all trajectory is compose of circle of different curvature. Since any rotating object has rotational inertia pointing to all different direction, it is thus easier for an rotating object to change its direction of travel compare to object travel in linear manner.

To complete the picture, we also need a mechanism to decelerate the rotation at any angle. We can borrow the technique from either RPS or RMRS. Thus now we have a propulsion technology that can propel an object to any direction in any moment instantaneously.

Summary & Discussion:

This engine is made of at least three components. A control mechanism to determine the degree where action-reaction force happen(Source), an impulse is thus driven the external surface of this object to start rotating in that direction. The rotating component in the middle would also rotate in the opposite direction. To overcoming the possible effect of changing direction on the part of the outer rim to the inner rotating component, a mechanism that guarantee a unidirectional movement similar to that HPTS. The inner rotating component is connected to a NDG for generation of electricity. Now to creates a momentum toward a particular direction, we can accelerate the outer rim at the direction we want to propel the object forward to at the Source, then use either the RMRS to decelerate or another Source to generate a force of equal strength at the 180 degree away from the first Source. (The result would a linear inertia propel this object to move in that direction.) Or we can decelerate at the angular position which form the linear vector we want the object to move. Alternatively, any pattern of acceleration and deceleration as long as the sum of their Difference equal to the vector we want the object to move.

A much better method is using non-linear vector calculus to determine the shortest rotational path to the destination, then this decision is passed down for execution by the control mechanism. The electrical energy generate by NDG is then feedback to maintain the operation of the whole system.

Claim:The system in its entirety with at least all its essential components each for the purpose stated above and together as a whole for the purpose of using the same pair of action-reaction force respectively for both the purpose of propelling an object toward any direction through method based on model of Non-Linear Propulsion(rotational approximate linear model of motion) and purpose of energy generation through rotation.

Related Claims:

Reactionless Motion Retardation System(Euler)
Reactionless Propulsion System(Euler & Paul Toomer)
Propulsion and Electrical Energy Generation System(Euler)

Applications:

Engine for any transportation agent

Advantages:

  1. Almost instantaneous change of direction without overcome a large momentum.

  2. Less energy expenditure.

  3. Energy generation while propulsion.

Technicalities:

1. Non-linear calculus haven't been developed!

2008年5月16日 星期五

Commentary and my version of ‘How salt dissolve in water’

I am writing this as my own version of Euler’s ‘How salt dissolve in water’. Presumably, when its author is writing that article, he is describing it in the level of electrons since only the outlying electrons of atoms would repel each other. In my opinion, we can describe it in a more appropriate level: Atomic level. Moreover, that article consider only the thermal energy of the water molecules and salt, ignoring the electronic forces between the salt and water molecules. Therefore I attempted to offer a more comprehensive picture of the process by combing all forces.
Consider Salt itself is consisted of chloride ions and sodium ions packed together. As it is dropped into water, it is more likely that salt remove water molecules by displacement than electronic repulsion. As for the consideration of electronic forces, the repulsion and attraction of the same molecules of water by the ions is likely to resulted in molecules turning toward the salt, so the reaction on the ions is thus likely in the outward direction for the ions. Otherwise when the totality of electronic force acting on the molecules are repulsive rather than attractive, it also aid the dissolving process as water molecules would bounce back from the boundary (In case of a cup, it would bounce back from the glass; In case of ocean, it would bounce back from the shore.); thereby this time that water molecule is approaching the ions in the salt with increased kinetic energy. Thus, it speed up the next iteration of interactions between the ions and water molecules.
What are the effect of these interactions on the ions in the salt?
Undoubtedly, there are cases which the interaction resulted in the net repulsion between the water molecules and the ions. However, assume the water molecules are evenly distributed around the salt cube, the chance of ions repelled from the left side of the cube is identical with the chance of the ions repelled from the side of the cube. (If the forces are otherwise unbalanced, the net momentum gained by the cube would likely to erase this unbalance.) Since electrostatic force held the cube tightly, an effect on the left side is immediately felt on the right side of the opposite direction. Therefore the totality of the effect on the ions in the salt by the net repulsive interactions is very likely to neutralized. On the other hand, now, we consider the results of the net attractive interactions. Since there are more spaces outside the salt cube than inside, the pulling-outward effect on the left side of the salt cube is lesser likely to be ‘balanced’ by the pulling-outward effect of the right side of the salt cube. Thus the total effect of the net repulsive interactions between the water molecules and the ions, it is more likely to forcibly ‘expand’ the salt cubes. (which the thermal energy of the ions itself is most likely to aid the process as described by euler.) Combing the two net effect of interactions, the ions are thus stretched. As the distances between the ions increased, the electrostatic forces held them together become weaker. As the electrostatic force between the ions are weaker, the ions in the outermost layer of the salt cube thus has a higher chance of interacting with the water molecules, which resulted in more tearing effect on the salt cube(since the ions in the inner layer of the salt cube is insulated from the electrostatic interactions because the electrostatic force are decreased with distance squared, which it is furtherest from the water molecules.) Therefore, the outermost layer of the ions in the salt cube are gradually being tear away by the water molecules, exposing the next outermost layer of the ions in the salt cube to the electrostatic interaction between water molecules and ions. thereby the whole process happened again and again until the salt is completely dissolved in water.